John j. Wild, a World War II surgeon, became interested in using ultrasound as a noninvasive method to detect bowel injury. Using A-mode equipment, originally designed to read radar maps of enemy territory, he was able to accurately measure bowel wall thickness and to identify...
A-mode (amplitude-mode) US represents a one-dimensional characterization of a reflected sound wave that uses a pulse-echo technique to determine the depth and dimensions of an organ. Echo amplitude is plotted on the vertical axis, and the time needed for the echo to return is plotted on the...
The first physician to use ultrasound for medical imaging was Karl Dussik. Karl Dussik (1908-1968) an Austrian Neurologist Transducers were placed on both sides of a patient’s partly submerged head. The sound waves were transmitted at a known rate from one transducer to another transducer. The changes...
The History of ultrasound: From Bats and Boats to the Bedside and Beyond Piezoelectricity (from the Greek word piezen, meaning to press or squeeze) was first discovered by brothers Jacques (1856–1941) and Pierre (1859–1906) Curie. They demonstrated that crystals of tourmaline, quartz, topaz, cane sugar, or Rochelle salt can...
The history of ultrasound starts with Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729–1799), an Italian physiologist and priest who designed a set of experiments to explain how bats were able to fly at night. By studying the bat’s ability to see and hear, Spallanzani noted that if a bat...
MRI & Magnets The biggest and most important component of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner is its magnet. The image quality of the MRI scanner depends on the strength of this magnet. The strength of the magnetic field of a magnet is measured in Tesla units. This...
Sedation depth and long-term mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study. Shehabi Y, Chan L, Kadiman S, Alias A, Ismail WN, Tan MA, Khoo TM, Ali SB, Saman MA, Shaltut A, Tan CC, Yong CY, Bailey M; Sedation Practice in...
After a lot of planning, drawing and animating I have finally finish my first video of “Brain Facts”. A personal project where I hope to explain in a simple but funny way different facts about our brain and nervous system. I stared with the weight,...
